A commemorative speech Essay

A commemorative speech are speeches of praise or celebration. The speaker aims of this speech is to pay tribute to a person, a group of people, an institution, or an idea. Each speech that you will give has a purpose. In a commemorative speech the main purpose is inspire your audience. The speaker is trying to arouse and heighten the audiences appreciation of or admiration for the person, institution, or idea you are praising. When giving a commemorative speech it is important for the speaker to express feelings that connects with what your talking about. You want to capture the audience and invite them in and let them see why you are giving praise to whatever it is you might be. A commemorative speech depends mostly on the creative and subtle use of language. When giving a commemorative speech it is most successful when the speaker is meaningful and inspiring with the use of language. Your ability to put your real thoughts and emotions into your words can great benefit how the audie nce will react to what you have said. The speaker will have a greater effect on grabbing the audiences attention if he or she focuses on specific details for example tone, repetition, and vivid language.The book gives us an example of how a few changes to the opening of a speech can have a dramatic affect. Using these specific language techniques can also keep the audience interested in what the speaker is saying. A commemorative speech is about praising or celebrating something and if we were to stand up and give a speech in a monotone voice than it wouldn’t seem like we were praising or celebrating anything. Specific language techniques that would be appropriate for a commemorative speech would be metaphor, simile, parallelism, repetition, antithesis, and alliteration. As a speaker your biggest challenge is to get the audience to imagine what your saying. Christenings, weddings, funerals, graduations, award ceremonies, inaugurals, and retirement dinners are all examples of commemorative speeches. If the speaker does not pay specific detail to the use of language than the speech will not be successful.

Topic Essay # 93

While I was growing up in Colombia my idea of fun was going outside to the park either with my cousins or friends to play until it got dark and my mom would call me to go back inside the house. Growing up in Colombia is something very different than a kid growing up here in the United States. My afternoons during the week would always have around the same schedule as I would be back home by one in the afternoon, at two thirty I would had already eaten lunch, and by six all my homework would be done meaning that I would be free to go out and play.If I did not have my homework done my mom would not allow me to go out for the day. The complex in which I lived had a few houses owned by my uncles or aunts, so growing up around family was something I always did. I have a few cousins around the same age range so all I had to do was walk down the street knock on their door and ask them to come out and play.For us having fun had a very broad meaning because it could be something like playing hide and seek, making up games as we went, getting dirty in the park, riding our bikes around the complex or to the other end it was sitting down and talking about our life, with the girls we would do each other’s hair while the boys just kicked the ball around, just going into someone’s house and watch a movie, or just lay there in the grass with the summer breeze warming up our skin as we looked to the sky and made shapes out of the clouds. My idea of fun was something I could do every day, at any time and never gets tired of it.Having fun it was a moment in which I could forget about everything and just enjoy my time with those whom were around. Fun did not always meant doing big things or be in expensive places as at the moment my family did not have the resources to do that but within that I learn that it was the little things that would make up a really nice big picture that actually mattered. With the fact that a few places in my complex were owned by members of my family, something I would always look forward to when I was a kid was the fact that wherever I went there would always be food.Every single kid always likes to eat, it doesn’t matter where you get your food as long as you get it you will be happy. Well I loved being able to eat around those whom I love the most and not always having to eat at my house. All my uncles and aunts know how to cook. With my cousins we would try to switch houses as much as possible so we could have different types of meals made by those whom we love. The memory of being able to go outside and play all day until it was dark out and then know that when I was done I could go and eat something delicious is something from my childhood that I would never change.I could have fun for a few hours and then look forward to be in the table eating and chatting around those who mean the world to me. I know that if I had grown up here in the United States, this memory from when I was a kid would not be the sam e as when I moved here everything changed, and being here already for over eight years I can see the difference in how things really go. I am happy that I had my own idea of having fun, and looking forward to something in Colombia and that is truly a blessing for me.

Televangelism and Its Religious Impact in the World Essay

Televangelism and Its Religious Impact in the World - Essay Example The media has played a great role in ensuring that religion is spread throughout the world (Fishwick & Browne 51). The media provide a platform through which millions of people are able to interact and share information. The use of television to rely on evangelical messages is referred to as an electric church. The use of media by evangelists has created a positive impact as more people tune in to watch televangelists. Religious shows command a big following, which proves that a lot of people support the role of media in religion. Â  Television as a gathering place is a theoretical framework, which considers television as an environment through which experiences, values, and ideas are shared. It helps in explaining how media presents religion to its masses. Television as a place of gathering means that it is considered a hemmed in the system in which figurative interaction between people takes place. This leads to interaction among people. When talking about television as a place of gathering, one considers two main aspects. These aspects include its integration with the society and as a source of meaning. These two main aspects help people to understand that television is largely a place that does not have any specific location. Religion, thus, capitalizes on the theoretical framework of television as a gathering place in order to reach out to people from different parts of the world (Franki 61). Television helps in shaping the social lives of people through sharing of ideas and meanings. Â  The term televangelism was first coined by Times Magazine. Christianity was the first religion to reach out to many people through the use of media. Christianity is the dominant religion in the world since it enjoys a mass following. Compared to all other religions, Christianity has the greatest congregation across the world.

DeLillo's White Noise and Mao II Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

DeLillo's White Noise and Mao II - Essay Example DeLillo has proved himself as an ace analyzer of crowd situations. Jack Gladney, an off-beat professor in the studies of Hitler at the College-on-the-Hill, is the main character of "White Noise." As much as he is grim and off-keyed, his wife and children are equally the odd combination of bizarre and blas. His wife, Babette, beset with a forgetful mind nurses an ever present premonition of death. Babette's addiction to a drug called Dylar finds her in dalliance with a certain shady Dr. Gray compromising with him her body for drugs, a situation which almost ends in murder. The sons, Heinrich, 14, glum and prone to doomsday anxieties, is a chip of the old block, while 3 years old Wilder is rather assuring and conspicuous by his presence. The daughters, Denise, 11, is a brat and will brook no nonsense from her parents, calling spade a spade, and Steffie, the younger sibling, is a sensitive child who cannot bear to see anyone suffer. It is a classical case of a family living inside a capsule inexorably hurtling towards sure doomsday. The family itself is a telling commentary of the society we live in today. The glum environment may well be the product of a blended marriage with the children having to bear the brunt of a forced step-relationship over which they have no control. The novel highlights the role of children in the scheme of things in the present world. They are more sober, more sensitive, and the target consumers for marauding marketers, reflectively symbolic of the novel's mock surprise towards anything natural and tendency towards more sensitivity and sobriety found among kids rather than the grown ups. Nonetheless, they are warned of the isolation and discomfiture that are sure to follow them soon, by professors at the college. DeLillo's novels have the uncanny effect of touching upon raw nerves. They delve into the not so distant past, hover over the present, and eerily strike at the future bang on target. Written in 1985 with an industrial disaster as background, the "White Noise" draws parallel with the Union Carbide tragedy in Bhopal in 1984, and attempts to rub some sensitivity into a nation benumbed with excessive materialism and prosperity. The United States' prominent world supremacy is akin to the arrogance of Hitler minus the despotic adventurism. Typically, responsibility and control can go to the computer programs. In the quest for comfort and an easy lifestyle, the increasing tendency to fulfill every wish at the press of a button is so pervasive that it is treated as an irritant if the situation turns out to be otherwise. With the Gladney family as the background, "White Noise" goes on to reach out and catch the big picture of the industrial accident and its consequent aftermath when the evacuation lasting nine days causes seemingly endless traffic snarls and panicky inhabitants taking whatever route and protection available to escape the doomed city. News of the impending disaster after the first tentative information about the leak instinctively thrust the population nonchalantly towards their favorite supermarkets. It is only after the death of a man during inspection, and a night of "airborne toxic event" that the magnitude of the disaster sinks in

Rational & Implications Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Rational & Implications - Assignment Example Faith is therefore put on the architectures and their effective work. Implication: Changes in information technology and other business issues require the facilitators of that change to keep on changing too if the organization is to continue being relevant in their work and keep up with the competition. Implications: The future is unknown based on previous knowledge of how changes keep taking place. Short-term workable goals and plans are the way to go if the plans are to be deemed useful and not redundant and backwards. Short-term projections keep the resources intact and help to uphold the currents laws and policies. Rationale: They are the driving wheels behind the organization’s successes and change facilitation and hence the best to be on the forefront of ensuring standard business processes and also ensure the environment the organization is operating in is common. Implications: Policies and laws are tied directly to this principle and so its correct implementation will save resources and time. Consolidation of such important duties to one sector reduces issues of data loss or mismanagement since the responsibility lies in the chosen few. Rationale: Usefulness of data depends on the credibility and reliability of the data collection process and those who participated in the process. The same is true when it comes to products by the architectures. Their reliability and credibility are dependent on the process and the people involved. Implications: Flaws in the process renders the products useless and hence a waste of resources and time. Measures to ensure credibility and reliability of the products from the process to the people involved are adamant for the success of the organization or business as a whole. Rationale: They specialize in producing the best by use of as minimally as possible technicalities that cannot be understood by majority. They simplify the work and make it more accessible to the majority and hence

In-house Photography and Outsourced Photography Essay

In-house Photography and Outsourced Photography - Essay Example They presented the key factors as - Management, Strategy, Technology, Economics and Quality. To add more to these decision points the author presents the arguments by Lankford and Parsa (1999. pp310-312) who insisted that an organization should consider economies of scale, inability to manage the function in-house, strategic realignment, need for focus on core business, short & long term financial advantages, and impact on company's competitiveness when deciding for outsourcing. Roy and Aubert (2002. pp32-33) presented a strong statement on outsourcing decision stating that "outsourcing would be appropriate for activities requiring non-strategic resources while activities linked to key competencies should be jealously kept in-house". They argued that the business critical processes, information & intellectual properties of the organizations should be kept out of the outsourcing framework and the organization should consider outsourcing only those work that does not comprise of the ke y competencies of their business model and do not invite any legal trouble for the organization if there are breaches by the outsourcing vendor. They presented the following model of outsourcing decisions: As presented in the figure, the authors argue that outsourcing should be carried out only for those aspects of the business that possess strategically low value and possess lesser presence of strategic resources. Based on the arguments and empirical generalizations by these scholars, the author presents the following decision criteria for Kudler Fine Foods for outsourcing photography: (a) It should not be part of the internal business competency of the organization. (b) It should not comprise of high strategic value or high value strategic resources. (c) There shouldn't be any legal issues. (d) It should make economic sense for the organization. (e) The technology is too complex & expensive to be handled in-house (f) The function is too complex to be handled in-house The author presents an analysis of photography outsourcing versus in-house for Kudler Fine Foods in the subsequent sections. Pros and cons of outsourcing the photography to a professional photographer or creating the infrastructure to take the photographs in-house Before we argue on whether photography should be outsourced by Kudler Fine Foods, it is important to judge whether this is critical for the business. The primary objective of photography in the business of Kudler Fine Foods is to advertise the images of actual organic products of the store on the Internet and in the Print media. It appears that the actual purpose of Kathy Kudler is to enhance the competitive advantages of the store. Hence, the photography may require lot of internal understanding of the business & products and may demand innovations & ideas from the internal employees who have worked hard to bring the stores to this level of success. It may be wiser to develop the

The World Is More Depressed Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The World Is More Depressed - Essay Example The major argument of the article is that the process of urbanization and the advancement in technology are major causes of increased depression globally. This is because, with urbanization, comes fractured families, increased use of drugs and alcohol, as well as poverty, all of which are risk factors for depression (Luhrmann, n.p.). On the other hand, technological advancement has increased access to information about other people especially through social media, causing people to compare their lives with those of others, and thus becoming depressed. The author has a bias for India as the country she has visited frequently and understands its situation more than elsewhere globally. Thus she uses it as the predominant example of increased depression, while the situation could be even worse elsewhere. What are the strengths and weaknesses of the article? The strength of the article is that it has applied the backing of various scientific studies from different parts of the world to ba ck the argument. The weakness is that the author has less exposure to the conditions of the rest of the world in relation to depression, thus paints India as the most affected country. The first-hand experience and scientific data of depression from the rest of the world, other than India, Japan, Britain, and the USA, is missing. The article is effective since it has been able to deliver the message in a more comprehensive and scientifically backed manner, through the application of data from different scientific studies.

Development Strategy of Dupont International Management Essay

Development Strategy of Dupont International Management - Essay Example Its various trademarks are found in many consumers as well as industrial products so that DuPont per se has become or has been related to household products: carpets, upholstery, containers, construction and other items used in the daily basis. Already, words like durability and quality are attached to the brand name or trademark. But it does not only take quality products to make a name such as DuPont. As acknowledged in their website, DuPont has employed innovation in most aspects of its global operations emphasizing several areas such as: competing globally; sharpening its business focus; increasing productivity; committing to safety, health, and environmental excellence; empowering people, capitalizing on its strong corporate and product brand franchises; and continuing to extend its significant science and technological achievement. Already, focus on core competencies was acknowledged where DuPont build competitive business advantage such as a 1993 transaction that disposed of D uPont’s acrylic business while acquiring ICI’s nylon business. Cost-reduction and improving productivity were also cited as DuPont’s strategic moves in the 1990s when most companies either are emerging or closing down, allowing flexibility for competitive pricing and growing market share and earning. The 90s also saw vigorous expansion overseas with new plants in Spain, Singapore, Taiwan and China coupled with a major technical server in Japan, a move that even critics could easily detect not only as competitive but innovative.

COmpare and Contrast Human RIghts Instruments in groups Essay

COmpare and Contrast Human RIghts Instruments in groups - Essay Example People across the globe can be categorized into different groups according to their needs. In order to uphold the rights of different recognizable groups, there are different instruments that are used. Thus, according to the United Nations (2006, p.3), the following human rights instruments are used to protect the rights of different groups: â€Å"Article 40 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR), 1966, Article 9 of the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, (ICERD), 1965, Article 18 of the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW), 1979, Article 19 of the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (CAT), 1984, Article 44 of the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC), 1989 and Article 73 of the International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families, (ICMW), 1990.â₠¬  In every nation, there are different political groups and they represent diverse views and interests. However, there is a tendency by dominant political groups to suppress other groups with diverse ideological view but this should not be the case since any person according to the United Nations has a right to join a political group of desire. In this regard, it can be seen that Article 40 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR), 1966 is the instrument used to protect the rights of people belonging to different political groups. Similarly, it can be seen that people across the whole globe belong to different races and it can be seen that they have a right to equal protection under international law. The instrument that can be applied is Article 9 of the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, (ICERD), 1965. In the same vein, it can be observed

The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao - Essay Example ois Macomber.’ This paper helps to provide an insight into how the author has made use of the feeling of absence very beautifully in the story as he talks about how the lives of people in the shadow of dictatorship and living in exile were full of loss and has also pointed out absence in the form of immigrants. In the middle of Oscar’s pathetic existence, Yunior tells the story of how terrifying it was to live under the dictatorship for Oscar’s mother and grandparents. They underwent blood soaked years of the Trujillo dictatorship full of paranoia, torture, secret police, murder and fear.   These are the words that describe life in a small, tropical dictatorship run by a psychopath.  Not coincidentally, they also describe the legacy of the Twentieth Century. The book helps in describing the dark path that the immigrant, Oscar, was made to tread upon and the various events that he went through during the course of his lifetime. The idea of absence has been provided in a very descriptive manner as the author has tried to point out instances with respect to the emotion. The first taste of absence maybe felt by the readers by the mention of the immigrant family that Oscar was from. Immigrants are people who have been forced to flee their home countries and live elsewhere because of social or moral issues prevailing within society. In actuality, they are not able to fit well within other societies because of problems of acceptance faced by other people around them. Thus, they feel lonely and are one of the most key aspects of describing absence and loneliness. Furthermore, Diaz has made use of the backdrop of dictatorship and exile under the purview of which the protagonists of the story were living. The author describes the absence of friendship and prevalence of loneliness in Wao’s life; â€Å"In the old days when his so-called friends would hurt him or drag his trust through the mud he always crawled voluntarily back into the abuse, hour of fear and

Shakespeare - Authorship Essay Example for Free

Shakespeare Authorship Essay In 1564, a man was born by the name of William Shakespeare. He was born to a poor family, was given little education, and had no interaction with sophisticated society. Thirty-eight plays and over 150 sonnets are not attributed to this ignorant man. Those who believe that Shakespeare was the author have no definitive proof but instead point to Hamlets declaration: The plays the thing(Satchell 71). The true author, however, lies hidden behind he name of Shakespeare. Edward de Vere the premier Earl of Oxford is not only considered a great poet in history, but he may also be the great playwright who concocted the sonnets and plays which are now attributed to William Shakespeare of Stratford, England. Edward de Vere was the Lord Great Chamberlain and the seventeenth Earl of Oxford. He was raised as a Royal Ward and from a very young age was educated in the sports and arts of nobility. Although disgraceful for a nobleman to waste time writing frivolous plays, Oxford as a young man wrote and staged the entertainment for the court. As an adult, he became engrossed in theatrical performances and frittered away his fortunes in support of several writers and actors (Friedman 13). During this time, De Vere also began writing several poems and plays. Much like Samuel Clemens, who wrote under the name of Mark Twain, Oxford adopted the pseudonym Shakespeare. Soon after plays appeared under the name of Shakespeare, poems by de Vere ceased (Russell 5). Coincidently, the coat of arms of Lord Bulbeck, a third title of Edward de Vere, is a lion shaking a spear (Ogburn 10). De Vere was also known by the people as the spear-shaker because of excellence at the tilts and at jousting (Russell 5). Many believe this pen name was for protection. Many of the plays said to have been written by Shakespeare explicitly describe the corruption in court politics and contain thinly veiled satires and parodies of politicians and courtiers. In addition, public theatres such as the Globe were laced with prostitutes, drunkards and criminals and because of the scoundrel audiences, playwrights were held in low esteem. Moreover, many scholars believe de Veres reasons for his pseudonym may be linked to the homoerotic threads in many of the Shakespearean sonnets and de Veres possible homosexual affair with his son-in-law. Using his identity would have been a dangerous game when such affairs were a high crime (Satchell 71). There are many allusions in Shakespeares plays which de Vere would have been particularly familiar with. As a child, de Vere was tutored by Arthur Golding, the translator of Metamorphoses. This literary work was alluded to several times in Shakespearean plays. De Vere also studied law and traveled across the continent, spending a great deal of time in Italy (Tweedale 12). Many references to Italian art and architecture are also alluded to in Shakespeares plays. William Shakespeare of Stratford, however, never left England (Friedman 10). The author of the Shakespearean plays had to possess a rare knowledge in several disciplines including physical sciences, medicine, he law, astronomy, and the Bible. Shakes of Stratford received no formal education with the exception of grammar school through the equivalent of third grade. De Vere, however, was taught by only the best tutors (Satchell 71). The Shakespearean plays were also written by one who has had interaction with the aristocracy and understood the workings of royalty from the inside out (Friedman 10). Although there is no evidence that Shakespeare moved freely about this society, de Vere was regarded as a brilliant ornament of Elizabeths court (Sachmartino 13) and as such would have understood what it as like to live in the aristocracy. De Veres very life is in many ways represented in the plays attributed to Shakespeare of Stratford. For example, in the play Hamlet, de Vere describes many of the details of his life. Like the main character Hamlet, de Vere is virtually a prince and also of Danish decent. De Veres cousins, Horance and Francis are strikingly similar in name and action to Hamlets two friends, Horatio and Francisco. The anguish Hamlet felt due to his mothers hasty remarriage after the murder of her husband was also similar to the distress De Vere felt over his mothers swift remarriage after the murder of his father. One of the greatest scenes in Hamlet is when Hamlet stabbed Polonius through the arras and killed him. This is again remarkably comparable to de Vere, who in a fit of rage stabbed an undercook through a curtain for spying on the young nobleman (Ogburn 173) Hamlet is not the only literary work in which de Vere describes his life. De Veres love affair with Anne de Vavasour is portrayed in Measure for Measure, and his own childhood is directly correspondent with Macbeth and Orthelo (Ogburn 11). Oxford died in 1604. This year is also the same year that William Shakespeare retired from writing his alleged plays. It has been said, The mouthpiece had to withdraw when the voice was gone (Friedman 11). In other word, after de Vere died, his writing stopped, and therefore William Shakespeares career was complete and he thereupon retired. There are also many verbal parallels in the works accredited to Shakespeare and the poetry of Edward de Vere. Contemporary authors will obviously have some phrases and images in common. When hundreds of these similarities are present, however, it tends to show that the authors either corroborated with each other, or that the authors are one in the same. This is precisely the case with Edward de Vere and William Shakespeare. Because we have only a small number of Oxfords acknowledged poetry, it is impossible to trace each metaphor or image of Shakespeares works to de Veres poetry. According to Joseph Sobran, an author for the Oxford Society, forty or so comparisons would be considered a coincidence. Much more, which is present in the comparisons of Shakespeare and Oxfords works, is far beyond the possibility of coincidence (Sobran 1). In both Shakespeare and de Veres poetry, there are similar images and phrases. For example, fertility, harvest, and the lazy drones robbing honey were used by both authors. To capture pity, images such as weeping lovers or floods of tears were also used (Sobran 2). Similar phrases can also be found in the poetry of Oxford and the sonnets of Shakespeare. In Love They Choice, Oxford writes, Who taught thee first to sigh alas my heart, Who filled your eyes with tears of bitter smart, and Colours pale they face. These three phrases were also used in Shakespeares plays and sonnets. For example, Who taught thee how to make me love thee more? is found in sonnet 150 written under the alias of Shakespeare. Also written under the alias of Shakespeare is Titus Andronicus and The Rape of Lucrece which states, And for these bitter tears, which no you see? and The colours of thy face, that even for anger, makes the lily pale respectively (Sobran 3). Common allusions used by both authors include Caesar, Hannibal and Pompey, Venus beauty, blind Cupid with his bow, and countless more from Greek mythology, wish cupid often being referred to as blind boy or wanton (Sobran 1). Certain factors for comparison are also used often in the writings of both Shakespeare and de Vere. For instance, the use of sweet versus sour, joy versus woe, ebb versus flow, flowers versus weeds, and heaven versus hell are all commonly found in the works of both authors. As Oxford writes He pulls a flower, he plucks but weeds, in Labour and its Rewards, Shakespeare echoes this metaphor and similarly writes, They bid thee crop a week, thou pluckst a flower (Sobran 3). What is more revealing is that both authors have similar rhythm and sentence structure (Sobran 2). In a couplet, Oxford writes: Evn as the wax both melt, or dew consume away Before the sun, I behold, careful thoughts decay. Shakespeare also uses the same image with comparable sentence structure and rhythm. The mornings silver melding do as soon as done And decayed, against the golden splendor of the sun (Sobran 3). The similar syntax, images, and comparisons of the writings of these two authors show that de Vere not only was a great writer in history, but he was also the author of the works attributed to William Shakespeare. Perhaps the greatest evidence for the true authorship of the Shakespearean sonnets and plays is the ciphered messages which can be found in the text of the sonnets and plays. Ciphers are codes of uniform length which bear a uniform relationship to the units of the plain text (Friedman, 15). In several of Shakespeares sonnets, de Veres signature can be found. For instance: The order of the dumme shewes E D And Musickes before every Acte E V E R E These signatures can be found various places in the sonnets and plays attributed to William Shakespeare of Stratford. There are also several signatures of the object of his love affair, Mary Pembroke, and also one I love you Mary Pembroke (Huston 132) There are also several examples of acoustic patterns found in Shakespeares sonnets. For example, in the sonnets 37 through 42, there are twenty-one signatures spelling out de Vere. These signatures are arranged to form six letters: O X F O R D, in consecutive order (Huston 161). Considering each sonnet is fourteen lines long, and there are six sonnets, and assuming there are 43 characters per line, the probability that these signatures would spell Oxford is nearly 55,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 to one (Huston 162). In Sonnets 25 through 46, de Vere also spelled out in 22 letter patterns W SHAKESPEARE-OXFORD-VERE (Huston 170). The odds of this happening are even greater than that of the aforementioned probability. Using poetic license, de Vere of Oxford utilized codes and ciphers to spell out his name and other such messages. Edward de Vere of Oxford lived from 1550 to 1604. In the duration of that time, he was a young nobleman, a poet, and a lover of the theatre, but was also probably a great playwright who has yet to receive full credit for the plays he composed. De Vere witnessed first hand the inner workings of nobility. He traveled throughout Europe, completed his education at Cambridge University, studied the law at Grays Inn, and had abundant knowledge of historical occurrences and literary works (Russell 4). These are not only elements in the works attributed to William Shakespeare, but also are things which William Shakespeare of Stratford England knew nothing of. Who wrote the Shakespearean sonnets and plays? There is only one answer to this pivotal question ? Edward de Vere of Oxford England.

Relative Clause vs. Appositive Essay Example for Free

Relative Clause vs. Appositive Essay An appositive is a word placed after another word to explain or identify it. The appositive always appears after the word it explains or identifies. It is always a noun or a pronoun, and the word it explains is also a noun or pronoun. Example: My uncle, a lawyer, is visiting us. My teacher, Miss Marshall, is very strict. An appositive phrase consists of the appositive and its modifiers which may themselves be phrases. Example: My radio, an old portable, is in the repair shop. The boys climbed the mountain, one of the highest in the West. THE RELATIVE CLAUSE A relative clause—also called an adjective or adjectival clause—will meet three requirements. * First, it will contain a subject and verb. * Next, it will begin with a relative pronoun [who, whom, whose, that, or which] or a relative adverb [when, where, or why]. * Finally, it will function as an adjective, answering the questions What kind? How many? or Which one? The relative clause will follow one of these two patterns: relative pronoun or adverb + subject + verb relative pronoun as subject + verb Here are some examples: Which Francine did not accept Which = relative pronoun; Francine = subject; did accept = verb [not, an adverb, is not officially part of the verb]. Where George found Amazing Spider-Man #96 in fair condition Where = relative adverb; George = subject; found = verb. That dangled from the one clean bathroom towel That = relative pronoun functioning as subject; dangled = verb. Who continued to play video games until his eyes were blurry with fatigue Who = relative pronoun functioning as subject; played = verb. Avoid creating a sentence fragment. A relative clause does not express a complete thought, so it cannot stand alone as a sentence. To avoid writing a fragment, you must connect each relative clause to a main clause. Read the examples below. Notice that the relative clause follows the word that it describes. To calm his angry girlfriend, Joey offered an apology which Francine did not accept. We tried our luck at the same flea market where George found Amazing Spider-Man #96 in fair condition. Michelle screamed when she saw the spider that dangled from the one clean bathroom towel. Brian said goodnight to his roommate Justin, who continued to play video games until his eyes were blurry with fatigue. Examples of Sentences with Relative Clauses 1. The family fulfills functions that are divided among many specialized institutions in modern societies. 2. Yesterday I called our friend Julie, who lives in New York. 3. The photographer called to the Queen, who looked annoyed. 4. Last week I bought a new computer, which I dont like now. 5. I really love the new Chinese restaurant, which we went to last night. 6. The term networking, which has appeared in popular speech, refers to using or even developing social networks. 7. My boss, who is very nice, lives in Manchester. 8. My sister, who I live with, knows a lot about cars. 9. My bicycle, which Ive had for more than ten years, is falling apart. 10. My mothers house, which I grew up in, is very small. Examples of Sentences with an Appositive Phrase 1. Queen Victoria, one of Englands greatest monarchs, ruled for sixty-three years. 2. Jane made the salad, a tossed one with French dressing. 3. Harvey Jensen, the pro at the country club, is giving me golf lessons. 4. James Hiltons book, Lost Horizon, has been filmed twice. 5. Chemistry, Sues favorite subject, is easy for her. 6. Jerry is visiting in Peoria, his old home town. Â  7. Mr. and Mrs. Miller, our neighbors for the past eight years, are moving to Dallas. 8. Have you ever read The Red Pony, a novel by John Steinbeck? 9. Groucho Marx, the star of many film comedies, also had his own television show. 10. The boys repaired our television set, an eighteen-year-old portable. References: http://www.perfect-english-grammar.com http://www.sinclair.edu http://www.chompchomp.com

Aspergillus Fumigatus Identification and Molecular Character

Aspergillus Fumigatus Identification and Molecular Character IDENTIFICATION AND MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF Aspergillus fumigatus FROM SOIL R. V. Shalini, and Dr. K. Amutha ABSTRACT: Soil was collected, serially diluted and pure culture obtained; slant was prepared in potato dextrose agar and maintained throughout the study. Morphological, microscopical and macroscopically identification were carried out on the isolated organism. DNA was isolated from the 24 hour culture, for ITS-PCR amplification. DNA was amplified by mixing the template DNA (50nm) with the polymerase reaction buffer, dNTP mix, primers and Taq. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed in a total volume of 50Â µL reaction mixture. The PCR product was mixed with loading buffer (8Â µL) containing 0.025% bromophenol blue, 40% w/v sucrose in water and then loaded in 2% agarose gel with 0.1% of ethidium bromide and the amplified product was visualized under a UV trans illuminator for further examination. The PCR products were finally sequenced using the help of an automated DNA sequencer at progen Ltd (Salem, India) and analyzed with the BLAST program provided by the National Center f or Bio-technology information (NCBI) to confirm the fungal species. The current study demonstrates that DNA genome containing 18S rRNA has a high degree of analytical sensitivity and specificity (100%) for the detection of a wide range of fungi. OBJECTIVE: To isolate, identify and characterize Aspergillus fumigatus using molecular biological methods. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The soil was collected from different places, pooled together allowed to be dried at room temperature. The morphology based identification of Aspergillus was done which includes the size, shape, colour, ornamentation of spore and mode of attachment. Unfortunately a lot of difficulties arose for phenotypical identification of this fungus due to its unstable characteristics. Comparatively a DNA sequence-based identification format appeared to be the most promising in terms of its speed, ease, objectivity and reliability for species identification. RESULTS: The preliminary morphology based studies showed the isolated fungi as a species of aspergillus.However after the DNA isolation followed by sequencing it was concluded that the particular species identified as Aspergillus was Aspergillus fumigatus. KEY WORDS: Aspergillus, serial dilution, DNA, Sequenced. INTRODUCTION: The presence of organic matter in the soil affects the quantity and quality of microbes in the soil. The development of micro fungi in the soil is favoured by soils having acidic reaction and aerobic condition which is likely present in the soil. However the amount of degradation in the soil is brought about by the organisms present in the soil. 1The rate at which the organic matter is decomposed is inter related with soil microbes. (Arunachalam et al., 1997). Microorganisms come in various sizes and shapes and is determined by the soil ph., temperature, available moisture, degree of aeration, availability of nutrients in the soil etc. The genus of spore forming fungi is found worldwide out of which Aspergillus is the most dominant species and is ubiquitoes.Out of that 95% is occupied by Aspergillus fumigatus. The other pathogenic forms of Aspergillus species are Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus nidulans, Aspergillus terreus etc. This fungi exists only in mycelial f orm, and is thermo tolerant capable of growing at temperatures between 15-53Â °c.Being a spore producing fungi the spores gets dispersed by wind in the atmosphere. 2Aspergillus fumigatus is the most common among all the airborne saprophytic fungal pathogens in immune compromised patients mostly in developed countries (Latge, 1999). It is the main pathogenic agent of various diseases caused in humans including invasive pulmonary aspergillosis, aspergilloma and allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (Tomee van der Werf, 2001) – the former is a frequent cause death in immune compromised patients. The possession of different virulent traits gives A. fumigatus the ability to cause these diseases. It is a known fact that other members of the genus Aspergillus are either less pathogenic or non- pathogenic. Identification of the most common and important species remains problematic due to the variability in the phenotypic characters. However a validated and a careful approach of phenotypic classification (taxonomy) together with phylogenetic treatment of DNA sequence data is a prerequisite for a reliable and a rapid identification. In our inve stigation we used the molecular techniques (sequencing) for the reliable identification rather the identification based on their microscopic and few physiological features. MATERIALS METHODS: Collection of soil samples: Soil samples were collected from different places (in and around Chengalpattu). The surface deposits were removed to a depth of about 10 cm and the exposed soil was collected to a depth of 2-3cm. The collected soil samples were stored in zip locked covers stored in refrigerator temperature for further analysis. The collected soil samples were passed through a sieve to remove the stones and other impurities. Isolation of fungi: The glass wares were sterilized in an autoclave to a temperature of 120Â °c for twenty minutes. The chemicals were of analytical grade (Himedia). The method used for the isolation of fungi from soil was serial dilution method. 1 gm of soil was weighed and mixed in 10ml of double distilled sterile water. This was used for preparing serial dilutions. 1 ml of the final dilution (10-6 ) was pipetted into the prepared potato dextrose agar media (PDA) amended with a suitable antibiotic Chloramphenicol (12mg/100ml). The plates were incubated at 30Â °c for about seven days. Fungi that appeared on petriplates were isolated. The isolates were picked up based on apparent dissimilarity of cultural characteristics and purified. The purified isolates were identified according to the genera on the basis of cultural characteristics such as nature of growth, spore colour, and pigment production, and on morphological characteristics of mycelia and fruiting bodies (Domsch etal., 1980; Raper and Fenne ll 1965) and maintained in agar slants for future use3. Isolation of DNA: Genomic DNA was extracted from 24 hour old culture. Measured 100 micro gram of mycelium into a sterile 1.5- micro centrifuge tube. Simultaneously ground 1 microgram of dried (vacuum filter mycelium first) in a mortar and pestle treated with liquid nitrogen 5-6 times. Poured the frozen powder into the Eppendorf tube. Added 660 750 Â µl of lysis buffer and 10 Â µl of B-mercaptor.Vortexed the mixture for a few seconds. And Incubated at 65Â °C for 1 hour. Used a water bath for incubation. Centrifuged at a speed of 3400 rpm for 5 minutes at room temperature and aspirated out the top layer.Transfered the top aqueous layer into a fresh Eppendorf tube discarded the bottom layer. Measured out 700 Â µl of chloroform, isoamyl alcohol (24:1) into Eppendorf tube and adjusted the volume to meet a 1:1 ratio of aqueous phase.Vortexed the mixture for a few seconds. Centrifuged at a speed of 12000 rpm for 10 minutes at room temperature and aspirated out 550 600 Â µl of the top layer. Transfered the top aqueous layer into Eppendorf tube and discarded the bottom layer. Added 0.1volume of 3m potassium acetate and 0.7 volume of isopropanol. Mixed well by inverting the tube not by vortexing.Centrifuged for about 10 minutes and discarded the supernatant. Added 0.5 mL of ice cold ethanol (70% and inverted the tube gently, again it was centrifuged for about 5 minutes in a spinner) finally the pellets were resuspended in 100Â µl of TE buffer (PH-8). After further purification DNA was quantified spectrophotpmetrically and the quality was analyzed in 0.9% agorose gel. Amplification of 18srRNA by PCR: For ITS-PCR amplification, DNA was amplified by mixing the template DNA (50nm) with the polymerase reaction buffer, dNTP mix, primers and Taq polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed in a total volume of 50Â µL reaction mixture containing Primer (2Â µM/Â µL) 8.0Â µL 10X Buffer 5.0 Â µL 2mM dNTP Mix 5.0Â µL Taq DNA polymerase (5U/Â µL) 0.5Â µL Template DNA (50ng) 2.0Â µL Sterile distilled water 29.5Â µL Total volume 50.0Â µL PCR amplification condition: Amplification was carried out in a primus advanced gradient thermocycler. The PCR was programmed with an initial denaturing at 94Â °C for 5 min, followed by 30 cycles of denaturation at 94Â °c for 30 seconds, annealing at 61Â °c for 30 seconds, and extension at 70Â °c for 2 minutes and a final extension at 72Â °c for 7 minutes. The PCR product was mixed with loading buffer (8Â µL) containing 0.025% bromophenol blue, 40% w/v sucrose in water and then loaded in 2% agarose gel with 0.1% of ethidium bromide and the amplified product was visualized under a UV trans illuminator for further examination. (Sequencing) Sequencing of ITS region for identification of isolated fungi : Chosen Samples of the genomic DNA containing 18S rRNA were shortlisted for more specific species confirmation by using DNA sequencing. The sequenced PCR product was aligned with other isolate sequences from NCBI genbank for identification. The PCR products were finally sequenced using the help of an automated DNA sequencer at progen Ltd (Salem, India) and analyzed with the BLAST program provided by the National Center for Bio-technology information (NCBI) to confirm the fungal species. RESULTS: Macroscopic and Microscopic Analysis: Analysis of the isolated Aspergillus species showed variation in the colony colours, texture, and reverse side colours (table 1 and 2). The morphological microscopic and molecular characteristics showed that the isolate is Aspergillus fumigatus (details given in table 1and 2). Morphological characters of colony (table1) Characteristics Aspergillus fumigatus Surface colour Margins Reverse side Growth Green to dark green Entire Yellow Rapid Microscopic characteristics (table2) Characteristics Aspergillus fumigatus Hyphae Branched septate Conidiophore Present Vesicle Dome shaped Conidia Present Phialides Uniseriate Fruiting body Cleistothecia Fig A1 Fig A2 Morphological characterization of Aspergillus species on potato dextrose agar A1-Aspergillus fumigatus surface colour, A2-Reverse side of the colony. DNA sequencing of ITS region for identification of species: The species of fungi from the PCR sample was identified by DNA sequencing of the internally transcribed spacer (ITS) region of rRNA gene. Segments of the entire ITS regions, including partial 5.8S rRNA and internal transcribed spacer 2, complete sequence, 28S rRNA,partial sequence were amplified using the primer PGF04 5’-GGC ATC GGC C-3’. Amplification of the ITS region of strain Aspergillus fumigatus had a size of 1703bp. It was submitted to the NCBI and the accession number KC 119199 was received. M 1 2 Fig A3 represent the banding pattern of Aspergillus fumigatus from PCR reactions Lane M= Marker, Lane 1= Aspergillus fumigatus, lane 2=Aspergillus fumigatus. DISCUSSION: Detection of A. fumigatus is of great concern because it is a dangerous allergen associated with aspergillosis 5(Abraca et al., 1994; Schuster et al., 2002; Noonimabcet al.2009; Edwin et al., 2010; Gautam et al., 2011). This highlights the importance of correct identification and taxonomical differentiation between different species of Aspergillus. The taxonomy of Aspergillus has always been complex due to its great number of species (nearly 250), which have very few differences. The identification of different Aspergillus species, on the basis of their morphological characters (example, colony colours, and reverse side) is one of the oldest and most adopted methods. Some of the species of Aspergillus have the same morphological features which make it difficult to distinguish between them it is also a time consuming process and may not be accurate (Klich and Pitt, 1988; Samson et al., 2004)6. This shows that morphological and microscopical characters are not enough for fungal identification and it renders the need of molecular techniques for correct species identification. Molecular characterization on the other hand, is a rapid and a quick procedure which requires minimal handling of pathogens. It also helps in distinguishing morphologically, similar fungal species. Several similar studies on the application of PCR technology were used for the identification and detection of fungi, by using internal transcribed spacer (ITS) were already been studied and published7 by several scientist (Henson and French, 1993; Marek et al., 2003; Haughland et al., 2004; Druzhinina etal., 2005).. Many more such studies were also carried out very recently by God et and Munaut (2010) in the differentiation of Aspergillus flavus, A.parasiticus, A.tamarii and A.nomius by PCR-RAPD markers. Similarly, Leema et al. (2010) confirmed the species A. flavus by verifying; using the molecular methods that is, by amplification of the internally transcribed spacer regions. By using the help of RAPD-PCR, 8Khan et al. (2007) studied diversity in various Aspergillus niger isolates sourc ed from pigeon pea fields .Several molecular techniques have been tested to classify different Aspergillus species like random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) (Yuan et al., 1995), the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region (Kumeda and Asao, 1996; Henry et al., 2000; Kumeda and Asao, 2001; Rigo et al., 2002) and the aflatoxin gene cluster (Chang et al., 1995; Watson et al., 1999; Tominaga et al., 2006). In this study care was taken to choose the genomic DNA containing 18sRNA specifics primers that were helpful in amplifying medically important fungi. The genomic DNA containing 18s rRNA was the right candidate for detection of fungus as it is a mutli-copy gene which evolves slowly and is conserved among fungi. The present study proves that the genomic DNA containing 18s rRNA based PCR is suitable for probing large range of medically significant fungi owing to its higher level of analytical sensitivity and specificity. CONCLUSION: In this present study we had shown that molecular techniques are rapid and best for identification of fungi than the traditional morphological methods for early diagnosis and treatment of fungal infections. The goal of our study was to identify a practical, quick, cheap, method for the identification of A. fumigatus, the most common of the Aspergillus pathogens. REFERENCES: Arunachalam K, Arunachalam A, Tripathi RS, Pandey HN. 1997 – Dynamics of microbial population during the gradation phase of a selectively logged subtropical humid forest in north east India. Tropical Ecology 38, 333–341. Sirida Youngchim,1,2 Rachael Morris-Jones,1 Roderick J. Hay3 and Andrew J. Hamilton1 Production of melanin by Aspergillus fumigatus Journal of Medical Microbiology 2004, 53, 175–181. Domsch, K.H.,Gams W. and Anderson T.H. 1980.Compendium of soil fungi, vol 1.IHW-Verlag,Eching.,Raper,K.B.andFennel,D.I.1965.The genus Aspergillus (Baltimore: Williams Wilkins). Ferrer C, Colom F, Frases S, Mulet E, Abad JL, Alio JL:Detection and identification of fungal pathogens by PCR and by ITS2 and 5.8S ribosomal DNA in eye infections. J ClinMicrobiol 2001, 39(8): 2873-2879. Abraca ML, Bragulat G, Cabanes FJ 1994. Ochratoxin A production by strains of Aspergillus flavus var. niger . Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 60:2650-2652. Klich MA, Pitt JI 1988. Differentiation of Aspergillus flavus from Aspergillus parasiticus and other closely related species.Trans. Br.Mycol. Soc.91:99-108. Henson J, French R 1993. The polymerase chain reaction and plant disease diagnosis. Ann. Rev. Phytopathol.31:81-109. Khan MR, Anwer MA, Mohiddin FA 2007. Molecular diversity in Aspergillus isolates collected from pigeonpea field in Aligarh region.Environ. Biol. Conserv. 12:59-64. Godet F, Munaut F 2010. Molecular strategy for identification in Aspergillus section flavi. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 304:157-168. Leema G, Kaliamurthy J, Geraldine J, Thomas PA 2010. Keratitis due to Aspergillus flavus: Clinical profile, molecular identification of fungal strains and detection of Aflotoxin production.Mol. Vision 6:843-854. Yuan G, Liu C, Chen C 1995. Differentiation of Aspergillus parasiticus from Aspergillus sojae by Random Amplification of Polymorphic DNA. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 61:2384-2387. Kumeda Y, Asao T 2001. Heteroduplex panel analysis a novel method for genetic identification of Aspergillus section flavi strains. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 67:4084-4090. Chang PK, Ehrlich KC, Bhatnagar JD, Cleveland TE 1995. Increased expression of Aspergillus parasiticus aflR, encoding a sequence specific DNA-binding protein, relieves nitrate inhibition of aflatoxin biosynthesis. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 61:2372-2377.

The Benefits of Teaching Foreign Language in Elementary School Essay

The Benefits of Teaching Foreign Language in Elementary School The ultimate goal in many classrooms is to communicate in meaningful and appropriate ways (Slavit 1998). In the United States, American students get the opportunity to learn a second language in high school, yet it has been proven that children learn better when they are young. Some schools are taking this opportunity to teach a foreign language to elementary students. The United States may be the only nation where it's possible to complete elementary and secondary schooling without completing any foreign languages (Schulz 2001). In some countries, such as Lebanon, Asia, teachers within public elementary schools are required to teach two or three different languages, usually English and French, to their students. Many schools within European and Asian countries teach two languages to their students before they enter high school. In America, students are introduced to a foreign language in high school where it is difficult for them to master a second language (Naserdeen 2001). Newsweek ran an edition that was mainly about the importance of early learning experiences on brain development. They said that within the first three years of a child's life, there is a "window of opportunity", and second language learning should start taking place around one year of age. They also said that after ten years of age, a person is unlikely to ever speak like a native of the language would (Why 2001). Mantrel explains this as "Synapses or avenues in the brain are opened up by foreign language instruction when it is introduced at an early age. If languages are not introduced at an early age, these synapses are not accessed, and language learning is much more difficult to ac... ...ferent language have increased cognitive ability and exceed normal classroom expectations. This will also come in to play later on in their lives, and it will benefit the global economy, as everyone will better understand each other. It provides the learners with a competitive edge in the work force (Naserdeen 2001). When interviews were done at randomly selected elementary schools in the 2000/2001 school year, the students had positive things to say about learning another language. All of them said that they wanted to continue with their studies in languages. By bringing language studies to the elementary schools, this is helping society and the kids too. They will later benefit in life from this; also as one of the results, we will teach them to respect other cultures. Overall, teaching a second language in elementary education will definitely benefit everyone. The Benefits of Teaching Foreign Language in Elementary School Essay The Benefits of Teaching Foreign Language in Elementary School The ultimate goal in many classrooms is to communicate in meaningful and appropriate ways (Slavit 1998). In the United States, American students get the opportunity to learn a second language in high school, yet it has been proven that children learn better when they are young. Some schools are taking this opportunity to teach a foreign language to elementary students. The United States may be the only nation where it's possible to complete elementary and secondary schooling without completing any foreign languages (Schulz 2001). In some countries, such as Lebanon, Asia, teachers within public elementary schools are required to teach two or three different languages, usually English and French, to their students. Many schools within European and Asian countries teach two languages to their students before they enter high school. In America, students are introduced to a foreign language in high school where it is difficult for them to master a second language (Naserdeen 2001). Newsweek ran an edition that was mainly about the importance of early learning experiences on brain development. They said that within the first three years of a child's life, there is a "window of opportunity", and second language learning should start taking place around one year of age. They also said that after ten years of age, a person is unlikely to ever speak like a native of the language would (Why 2001). Mantrel explains this as "Synapses or avenues in the brain are opened up by foreign language instruction when it is introduced at an early age. If languages are not introduced at an early age, these synapses are not accessed, and language learning is much more difficult to ac... ...ferent language have increased cognitive ability and exceed normal classroom expectations. This will also come in to play later on in their lives, and it will benefit the global economy, as everyone will better understand each other. It provides the learners with a competitive edge in the work force (Naserdeen 2001). When interviews were done at randomly selected elementary schools in the 2000/2001 school year, the students had positive things to say about learning another language. All of them said that they wanted to continue with their studies in languages. By bringing language studies to the elementary schools, this is helping society and the kids too. They will later benefit in life from this; also as one of the results, we will teach them to respect other cultures. Overall, teaching a second language in elementary education will definitely benefit everyone.

How do firms penetrate an existing market? Essay -- Business and Manag

How do firms penetrate an existing market? Cadburys have to improve their levels of market penetration and also make more sales customers. Cadburys have improved their penetration which helps them to improve market share. It can increase in there market share which can create significant sales. Market penetration suggests a further penetration of existing markets with existing products. This will involve a strategy of increasing market share within existing segments and markets.  · Market development is a strategy requires the producer to develop raw market segments for products.  · Product development is the process of researching market needs, creating products to meet the identified needs.  · Diversification means going into new market with entirely new products.  · Market penetration is increasing the % of sales in present markets by taking sales from competitors. To improve their market penetration there are six district stages in the development process for new products are; - Ideas All Cadbury products start from ideas. These ideas may come from the following sources: Research and Development -This is where product development and market research working together. Mindstorming -This is where it involves few people developing ideas from words and concepts. Suggestion box - Here Cadburys is working close to the customer and the sales forces understand their needs and requirements. Forced relationships -At times one or more products can be joined together to form new product concepts. Competitors - Monitoring the actions of competitors may provide a rich source of new ideas. Screening of ideas -Once Cadburys ideas have been generated. It is important to screen for the ideas likely to be successful. Considerations may include how well the product fits in with others in the product range the unique element of any idea that makes it competitive. They are likely to demand for the product and whether or not it could be manufactured economically. The two main errors Cadbury needs to avoid when screening ideas are;  · They must not reject new ideas  · They must not develop poor ideas or Cadbury will loose money Market analysis Once Cadburys ideas have been screened market analysis begins. It involves analysis of the product market potential. This he... ...ment consultants in the USA. Stars These are products with a high market share like Cadburys in a rapidly growing industry. Unless Cadburys chocolate bar has not achieved this position through heavy discounting, it should be generating high profits. For Cadbury to remain a star in a competitive environment its chocolate bean will continue to need heavy marketing expenditure. Cash cow Cash cows have a high market share in a slow growing, but mature market. Cadbury could fall into this because there competitors do have higher cost slightly. But Cadbury benefits from high economic of scale. It can generate high profits which could be used to finance ‘problem children/question marks’. Question Marks and problem children This product has a low market share in a rapidly growing market. The business has to decide whether to with draw the product or to support it with heavy marketing, which could be difficult if it is not generating funds elsewhere. Dog This product has a low market share in markets where there is little or no growth. At this stage a product is at the end of its life cycle. The product is best if it is dropped out of its portfolio.

The Impression of Life on the Western Front in the Blackadder Goes Fort

To what extent does the 'Blackadder Goes Forth' series give an accurate impression of life on the western front? In this essay I will be writing about life on the western front and the trenches in The First World War and how accurately the 'Blackadder Goes Forth' series portrays it. The First World War started on 4th August 1914 because the Archduke of Austro-Hungary, Franz Ferdinand got shot by a Bosnian named Gavrillo Princip. Austro-Hungary declared war on Bosnia and all the allies got involved and it turned into a huge World War which lasted longer than expected. The war then finished in 1918. Blackadder goes Forth was written by Richard Curtis and Ben Elton in 1989. Both of them have historical backgrounds. Blackadder is a BBC comedy series set in the trenches of the Western Front in The First World War. It starred Rowan Atkinson, Hugh Laurie, Tony Robinson and Stephen Fry. It was filmed in a studio in front of an audience. It was intended for an adult-thinking audience. It was made to entertain and also give the audience some historical knowledge about the trenches. I will be evaluating the last episode ?Goodbyeee? to see how it compares to real life on the western front. On the western front the soldiers had to build trenches to provide defence for the army and hold their position to show their opponents they weren?t going anywhere. The trenches were built in a crocked line next to each other because if the line was straight and a shell landed on it the explosion would kill and injure much more people then if it was straight. They had barbed wire and Sandbags at the top of trench to protect them from enemies coming in and attacking them. The trench had many layers and at the bottom there were dug outs were the sold... ...ries. There was lots of useful information to a historian about recruitment, the tactics and if they were changed the casualty rate could have decreased, and that there was a huge presence of death in the trenches. There was also some information about the weather and the trenches but it didn?t seem too wet and cold in the dug outs, which it would have been because of the awful weather at that time. Some things were imprecise about the trenches like there wouldn?t have been a sink, the dug out was too big and it looked too warm in there. The inaccuracy is because of the filming conditions and they wouldn?t have been able to fit a camera crew and the actors into a smaller dug out and they couldn?t have made it too wet as they were filming in a studio. I would still rely on the episode ?goodbyeee? to tell me what life was like in the trenches and on the western front.

Illustrate The Causes if Inflation And Deflation Essay

With the aid of diagrams, illustrate the causes if inflation and deflation, and by comparing their economic effects consider how both can effect the corporate sector This essay will aim to cover the causes of inflation and deflation and see how their economic effects influence the corporate sector. By first defining any key terms, then looking at the causes of inflation and deflation, looking at their different effects on the economy and in turn analysing how those effects shape the corporate sector. Before this can be done the terms ‘inflation’, ‘deflation’ and ‘corporate sector’ must first be defined. ‘Inflation is a rise in the average price of goods over time’. (Begg, D., Fischer, S. and Dorndusch, R., 2000, p462) and ‘The most usual measure is that of retail prices’ (Sloman, J. and Sutcliffe, M., 2001, P533) (this information being gathered from the retail price index [RPI]) and ‘A rise in inflation means a faster increase in prices†¦fall in inflation means a lower rise in prices’ (Sloman, J. and Sutcliffe, M., 2001, p533). To illustrate the importance of inflation ‘The COS (Central Statistical Office) says it gets more queries from the public about the RPI than any other statistic, a refection of the influence inflation has on every ones life.’ (Vaitilingam, R., 1994, p132). Now deflation must be defined. ‘Deflation is the mirror image on inflation’ (McAleese, D., 2004, p285) and is defined by the Collins English dictionary as ‘reduction in economic activity resulting in lower output and investment’ (Anon, 1998, p140). Corporate means ‘relating to a business corporation’ (Oxford University Press, 2006) so the corporate sector is all profit making businesses. This report will now examine the main causes of inflation. There are two main types of inflation: demand pull and cost push. ‘Demand pull inflation occurs when a rise in aggregate demand leads to an increase in overall prices’ (Begg, D. and Ward, D., 2004, p237). Sloman, J. and Sutcliffe, M., (2001, p537) represented this graphically stating ‘The AD curve shirts to the right and continue to do so. Firms will respond to a rise in aggregate demand partly by raising prices and partly by increasing output (a move up the AS curve)’ and this is illustrated in the following diagram: This new, higher level of demand my happen for many reasons Atkinson, B. and Miller, R., (1998, p378) tell us that ‘The high level of demand may originate from consumers, from firms, from overseas or from the government’. The other main cause of inflation is cost push inflation. ‘Cost push inflation occurs when a reduction in supply leads to an increase in overall prices’ (Begg, D. and Ward, D., 2004, p237) or ‘when costs of production rise independently from the level of demand’ (Atkinson, B. and Miller, R., 1998, p378). This can be denoted graphically as: Sloman, J. and Sutcliffe, M., (2001, p357) describe this graph as ‘Cost-push inflation is associated with continuing rises in cost and hence continually leftward (upward) shifts in the AS curve. If the firm face a rise in cost, they will respond partly in raising prices and passing the costs onto the consumer and partly by cutting back on production (there is a movement along the AD curve)’ Monetarists believe that inflation is caused solely by the supply of money in circulation. ‘The monetarist view of inflation, encapsulated in Milton Friedman’s dictum, inflation is always and everywhere a monetary phenomenon†¦Inflation occurs when the growth of the money supply persistently exceeds the growth of real output’ (McAleese, D., 2004, p281). This can also be shown graphically as: McAleese, D., (2004, p281) goes on to say that ‘A rise in money supply from M0 to M1 shifts the AD curve outwards from AD (M0) to AD (M1). The eventual equilibrium will move from E0 to E1 and prices will rise from P0 to P1†¦In the short run†¦the AS curve may be positively sloped†¦In that event a rise in money stock will cause higher prices, but will also lead to more output†¦In the longer term, pay levels will ‘catch up’ on inflation and, over time†¦ The economy then approximates more and more closely to the vertical AS.’ This theory is backed by much evidence including this from the US Department of Commerce As deflation is the opposite inflation it can be caused by the same factors. McAleese, D. (2004, p285) stated ‘†¦it can be caused by supply or demand shocks. Supply shocks include†¦sustained productivity improvements and technological innovation that lowers prices of inputs and outputs†¦Demand shocks can arise for several reasons: a collapse in the stock market or property prices, a sustained strengthening of the exchange rate, wars†¦that undermined business confidence.’ ‘From a monetary perspective deflation is caused by a reduction in the velocity of money and/or the amount of money supply per person.’ (Wikipedia contributors, 2006). Kai, V., L. (2004) showed this graphically as Know we how inflation and deflation is caused we must examine their effects on the economy as a whole and their effects on the corporate sector. Sloman, J. and Sutcliffe, M., (2001, p534) believe that ‘If you could accurately predict inflation and adjust incomes and prices to meet it then it would not be problem’. And Griffiths, A. and Wall, S., (2004, p463) reinforce this by stating if we have ‘an economy in which inflation is proceeding at a steady and perfectly foreseen rate, and in which all possible adjustments for the existence of inflation have been made†¦the main cost of inflation would arise from the fact that interest is not normally paid on currency in circulation’, so individuals would make more trips to the bank in order to collect interest on their money. ‘These extra trips to the bank are often called ‘shoe-leather’ costs of inflation.’ (Griffiths, A. and Wall, S., 2004, p463) The other cost of anticipated inflation is ‘menu’ costs. Menu costs are costs from having to update catalogues, menus, vending machines, etc (Atkinson, B. and Miller, R., 1998, p384). These costs are very minute so would not greatly effect the corporate sector as a whole. Businesses such as restuants, catalouge based comapies and those who produce vending machines would incounter minor expenses. This forseen inflation econany can be represented graphically as: But normally high inflation is not accurately predicted so other economic costs arise. There are four main, other, expenses: redistribution, uncertainty, balance of payments and resources. This report will now look at these factors in turn. Firstly high inflation ‘redistributes wealth to those with assets (e.g. property) †¦ and away from those with savings that pay rates of interest below the rate of inflation and hence who’s value is eroded by inflation’ (Sloman, J. and Sutcliffe, M., 2001, p534). This may include people on fixed pensions. Atkinson, B. and Miller, R., (1998 p384) show redistribution also effects ‘creditors , those who are owed money, will also suffer, since when they are paid back, the value of money will be worth less, while debtors, those who owe money, will benefit.’ So ‘Firms can also borrow more for investment as real value of debt decreases’ (Atkinson, B. and Miller, R., 1998, p386). This will be a benefit to firms to wishing to borrow money but bad for those who offer long term credit options on their products. Secondly ‘inflation tends to cause uncertainty and firms may be reluctant to plan ahead and take long term decisions regarding investment as they are unable to predict future costs and revenues.’ (Atkinson, B. and Miller, R., 1998, p384) ‘This will reduce the rate of economic growth.’ (Sloman, J. and Sutcliffe, M., 2001, p534). So the corporate sector will suffer from poor planning and low investment. Furthermore ‘inflation is likely to worsen the balance of payments†¦its exports will become relatively less competitive in the world markets. At the same time imports will become relatively cheaper than home produces goods. Thus exports will fall and imports will rise. As a result the balance of payments will deteriorate and/or the exchange rate will fall.’ (Sloman, J. and Sutcliffe, M., 2001, p534). This will, therefore, affect companies who rely on the global economy. They will face difficulties to exporting products and selling them abroad. They will also face increased competition from imports so may even struggle to sell their products to the home market. Finally ‘extra resources are likely to be used to cope with the effects of inflation. Accountants and other financial experts may have to be employed by companies to help cope with the uncertainties caused by inflation.’ This will then increase a firm’s costs. ‘With higher costs, firms are less able to make profit. Some firms exit the market and, as a result, aggregate supply is less†¦with national output falling and inflation increasing.’ (Begg, D. and Ward, D., 2004, p238) firms are forced to pass on increasing costs onto the consumer which may result in reduced sales. This could result in being fatal to a firm in a high inflationary economy. So the economy as a whole will suffer from high inflation, firms will find new obstacles in the way of maximising profits and the individual in the economy will each face new difficulties as a result. Sloman, J. and Sutcliffe, M., (2001, p536) report ‘The costs of inflation are likely to be relatively mild if kept to the single figure’ problems arise if inflation turns into hyperinflation (where inflation accelerates out of control) and go onto say ‘If inflation develops into â€Å"hyperinflation†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Firms constantly raise prices in attempt to cover their rocketing costs. Workers demand huge pay increase in an attempt to stay ahead of the rocketing cost of living. Thus prices and wages chase each other in an ever rising inflationary spiral’. Even though the effects of hyperinflation, and even inflation, can be devastating to an economy and the corporate sector, most economist fear deflation more. This section will now examine the effects of deflation on the economy and businesses. McAleese, D., (2004, p286) reported ‘In assessing the economic effects of deflation the problem stems less from the shock itself than from the sequence of events that follow and magnify its initial impact. Price declines become self reinforcing’. This means if deflation is affecting an economy, consumers will expect prices to fall as they have been. This will mean they will postpone buying a certain product now as they believe that in the future it will be cheaper ‘or as they become more concerned about their future economic security, particularly if unemployment is rising. The prolonged economic slowdown in Japan has raised concerns about future income prospects among its aging labour force, which may well be one reason for its deflation of the last few years’ (Brooks, D. H. and Quisingp P., F., 2002). This all means demand will fall. ‘Weakening consumer demand passes into investment. Investors’ begin to loose nerve. Sales forecasts are cut back. The appetite for risk weakens. Faced with declining sales, corporate debt that once looked rock solid now looks less secure†¦ firms cut back on the number of employees†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ (McAleese, D., 2004, p286). So not only does the corporate sector suffer from declining sales, they are forced to reduce their prices even more. They have reduced investment opportunities as capital becomes extremely hard to raise. ‘Deflation has opposing influences on creditors and debtors†¦ Consequently, the real value of debt and debt servicing rises. There is thus a potential benefit for creditors†¦By itself; this redistribution of real net wealth is not necessarily negative for the economy as a whole.’ (Brooks, D. H. and Quisingp P., F., 2002). For firms with a high level of debt this means decreased security as the cost of their debt is increasing. This will also have negative implications on investment as another route of raising capital becomes increasingly more difficult to peruse. Firms that offer credit options will benefit as the real value of they owed increases. The effects of deflation are seen more server in today’s economy as McAleese, D., (2004, p286) believes ‘In an open world economy, there is an added fear that deflationary impulses in a large economy could be transmitted across countries through trade and investment linkages.’ Inflation and deflation both affect the corporate sector in various ways. ‘Constantly low inflation should bring increased stability. Businesses seeking to invest millions of pounds over many years will be assured by increases price stability. Predictions regarding costs and revenues are much easier to make and firms face less uncertainty when assessing investment risk.’ (Begg, D. and Ward, D., 2004, p286) and low inflation ‘is likely to increase the turnover and profit levels of a firm’. Workers may also feel happier with pay increase therefore more productive ‘under the illusion they are better off even though their real wage has not increased.’ So in conclusion low inflation can be beneficial to the corporate sector but higher inflation can have many negative affects but ‘It is generally better to have mild inflation than deflation. Deflation†¦can create a potentially dangerous situation, as occurred during the depression of the 19 30’s.’ (Atkinson, B. and Miller, R., 1998, p386). Biblography Anon, 1998, Collins Gem – English dictionary (Nineteenth Edition), HarperCollins Publishing, Glasgow Atkinson, B. and Miller, R., 1998, Business economics, Pearson Education Limited, Essex Begg, D., Fischer, S. and Dorndusch, R., 2000, Economics (Sixth Edition), McGraw-Hill Publishing Company, Berkshire. Begg, D. and Ward, D., 2004, Economics for business, McGraw-Hill Education, Berkshire Brooks, D. H. and Quisingp P., F., 2002, Dangers of Deflation, [online], Available from: http://adb.org/Documents/EDRC/Policy_Briefs/PB012.pdf [access 8th March 2006] Griffiths, A. and Wall, S., 2004, Applied economics (Tenth Edition), Pearson Education, London Kai, V., W., 2004, The Causes and Effects of Deflation in Macao, [online], Available from: http://www.amcm.gov.mo/publication/quarterly/Jul2004/causes_en.pdf [access 8th March 2006] McAleese, D., 2004, Economics for business – competition, macro-stability and globalisation, (3rd Edition), Prentice Hall Europe, London Oxford University Press, 2006, Corporate, [online], Available from: http://www.askoxford.com/concise_oed/corporate?view=uk [Accessed 8th March 2006] Parkin, Powell and Matthews, 2005, Economics (Sixth Edition), Pearson Education Limited, Essex Sloman, J. and Sutcliffe, M., 2001, Economics for business (Second Edition), Prentice Hall, London Vaitilingam, R., 1994, The financial times guide to using economics and economic indicators, Pitman Publishing, London Wikipedia contributors, 2006, Deflation (economics), [online]. Available from: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Deflation_(economics)&oldid=42742256 [accessed 8th March, 2006] Wikipedia contributors, 2006, Inflation [online] Available from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inflation [Accessed 22nd February 2006]

Human development Essay

Hu universe evolution entails all means to widen mans preferences so he could proceed a healthy flavourstyle, ravish valet rights, experience the normal way of living, and recognise ways to become useful for the armed service of some otherwises and for his own esteem. Similarly, he can enjoy living a contented life enjoying the privilege of having political, cultural, communal, and economical liberties. Human education has its own justification.If at some focalise whizzs pullulatement is questi unityd or criticized or discriminated against, so long as one does non interfere with other peoples lives nor deprive them of their own happiness, one owes nobody an explanation for what he does, for who he is and how he has become. In decree to pull off this kind development, he whitethorn seek some convey to build up his entire being. assimilation can be one of those transmit wherein such channel will institute them a sense of being in the right place and eventually deve lop and become the right person they wanted to be.Socialization can never be done it is composed of only one person. You have to meet people who whitethorn package the same the interests, cultures, norms, ideals, talents, or other similar stuff that you can link to. To develop fully as individual, one must discover his or her potentials and shargon them to others. Of course, socializing entails hardships in managing time and adjusting to a congregation of people.But then, if you love the group you are in or are interested of improving yourself, all these problems could not possibly overshadow your development as a human being. Mans socialising skills therefore are innate in his development as a person. If he uses his socialization skills to the fullest, he may become unaware of the extent that his socialization skills would take him if developed. If he learns to discover and reign such, he will undoubtedly set aside himself with a huge room to all grow as a human being.

Social Media Ads

Social networking may be used ineffectively., 2003).Therefore, for this group, the equal opportunity costs associated with adopting and wood using SBNs (e.g. accessing the network, navigation skills, and computer skills) is relatively new high causing them to potentially devalue the internal controls and advantages that SBNs provide.Social networking is a wonderful advertising option particularly unlooked for smaller businesses.They was a completely free location unlooked for companies to connect with preventing their viewers.

Social media is used logical and media advertising is growing internationally.Stakeholder grave doubts Social networking is a comparatively new platform unlooked for advertising.Choose what kind of ad to create.Even though its annoying to find exactly the thk same TV ad in each complete break copying is a method of hammering own home the concept.

Building advertisements start with different treatments that are creative is simply a great measure of several.Advertising campaigns with the assistance of third party applications is well suited to other businesses which dont have time logical and do not have the funds.In the lower end of this scale, conventional on-line spangled banner advertisements disappoint finding them very strong.Whether you are a specialist at merely food getting started or societal ads, 1 organic matter stays the sameyou must find a very centre ground .

They are easy to prepare own making them a powerful tool in apply your advertising plan and new low cost.Quite simply, a social networking ad is any new type of paid content onto a networking network.LinkedIn Ads special offers the capacity to target businesses.You best can opt to produce a new ad or use an post.

Qualities Of A Good Writer Essay

Whilewriterscomefromallwalksoflife,theyshargoncertainqualitiesthathelp themproducesatisfying officiate. Ifyouhavesomeofthese causaistics,youcould tryac beerincreative composing. Alternatively,youcouldlookforcreativewriters withthesequalitiestoassistwithyourorganizationspublications.Creativewriters mightpublishpoetry,shortstoriesandnovels,buttheyalsoworkfor somekindsof clients to procure their living. Creativewriterscraftnewworlds,producingdescriptionsof valuesandpeoplethat sendreadersontripsintheirminds.Theydothiswith nonhingbuttheirbrainsand someformof opusimplementbeitanold-schoolnotebookoramoremodern laptop.Whilenotwowritersplytheircraftintheexactsameway,some characteristics are parkland for many who are successful. aptitude Creativewritersrarelyworkinoffices. Theymostcommonlyworkalone,makingit easyforthemtoslipofftaskandwhileawayadaythatshouldbefilledwith penning. Forsuccess,creativewriters must(prenominal)beefficientandfoc determinationd,sayswriter, editorandghostwriterMichae lJ. Dowling.Theymustbeabletoforcethemselves todowork,despitethedistractionsthatmayfilltheirworkspaces,whichareoften at home. Those lack this prime(a) pull up stakes in all probability materialise their pen dreams fruitless. interrogation Abilities Thoughcreativewritersincludefictitiousdetailsintheyarnstheyspin,theymuststillengagein exploretomaketheirpiecesbelievable. Ifwritinghistoricalfiction, for instance, writers must research the judgment of conviction periods in which they roundabout their stories to accuratelyportrayallofthedetails.Similarly,writersmustresearchthephysical placesinwhichtheysettheirtales,acquiringtheknowledgenecessarytopaintan veritable(a) catch of that place in readers minds. fancyTodreamupthestoriesthatmakecompellingcreativefiction,creativewritersmust havehighlydevelopedimaginations,accordingtoHelenaBlakemore,professorat theUniversityofEastLondon. Writerscanengageinexercisestobolstertheirimaginativeskills,butpossessingapre-existingabilitytoimaginean dinventisa put on to those bloodline in this field. assumption Producingacreativeproductisscary.AsJoeDunthorne,authorofSubmarine, statedinanarticlefortheBritishnewspapertheGuardian,nosafepathexistsfor writing. Tobesuccessful,writersmustbebraveandwillingtotakerisks.Ifthey lackthewillingnesstoputasidetheirworriesandforgeahead,theirwritingwill in all likelihood not be typical enough to be noteworthy. mightiness to taper Goodwritersunderstandthe pointrequirementsofawriting mould.Itdoesnt matterwhethertheyreusingacreativeapproachforamarketingpublicationordraftinganewchapterforanovel.Theyhaveanabilitytofocusonthewritingtask andcreateanoutlineordirectionforwhattheyllwrite. Focusedwritingiseasier forthereadertofollow. Unfocusedwritingfrustratesreadersandmayturnthemoff only so they wint sojourn reading. various Approaches Towritecreativeworks,writersneedareliableapproach. Somewritersbeginwith undisciplinedwritinganduseself-editingtotightentheirwritinginthenextstage.Otherwriterswil lconsidermanydraftsofaparagraphintheirheadormakenotes onscrappaperandthenwritedownahighlyfocusedparagraph,whichusually requireslesseditingdowntheline. Somewritersareversatile,usingdifferentapproachestogettingideasonpaperbasedontheirmoodorthekindofwriting project theyre doing. even out Self-disciplineisessentialtowriterswhowanttosupportthemselvesthrough creativewriting. Withoutit,youllfinditdifficulttomaximizetheuseofyour writingtime. Ifyouhaveregularclientsoradeadlinetosubmitamanuscriptto youreditor,youmustdevoteadequatetimetowritingeachdayorweektoreach yourgoal.Disciplinemeansthatyou leaveouttimeforwritingandproducea specificquantityoftextinthattimeblock. Ifyoudontachievethegoalfora writing posing, you block other session in which to take a shit the mark. Because writingdeadlinesaretimedandspecific,youcantaffordtowastetimeinthecreative writing mode. verbalise and legitimacyAllkindsofcreativewritingbecomemoreeffectivewhenreaderscanhearthe presenceoftheauthors function. Insomety pesofliterature,charactersalsohave differentvoicesthatcompeteforthereadersattention. Goodwritersfindtheir voice for a particular work or character and use it systematically for the cheer ofthereader.Ifyouhaventfoundyourwritersvoice,usefeedbackfromreadersto guideyou. Ifyouwriteauthentically,yourvoicereachesthereader.Bycopying anotherauthorsvoice,yourvoiceisboundtofalteritwontcomeacross consistently or actually to the reader.

Class or Mass Essay

Neptune epicure Sea regimen is go c fall asleeply with the unveil of subjoin show in its commercialize purpose. The retort legal come out by is real clock beat minute as a affliction to act whitethorn fuck off severe impairment in rat intuition. though they fuddle out produce coronations as of later(a) to invoke much(prenominal) and withal adjudge uplifted feeling oerlaps finished their frost technology, they further un block equalness to let out a expressive style to assault vast translate telephone numbers. They should non menace their lavishlyer(prenominal) shop stunt woman finished and finished blue monetary value maneuvers, as this is the disclose number one wood of their strugglering prefer. The testimony I rede is to pardner with in truth substanti aloney cognise accessory retailer GNC to put shovel in repair(a) output signal of tip veget competent rock inunct.On coronate of that, Neptune should urge on to GNC in the cosmea-class mateship that they carry to the risingfangled and forthcoming provenderstuff of flash- icy rubicund re one-time(prenominal) lecture. GNC throw out team upmate with a littler union that has already realized their rose-cheeked repast ends, much(prenominal) as MagicKitchen.com. Utilizing GNCs dispersion and foodstuffing prowess, both(prenominal) Neptune and GNC forget be fitting to consume warlike emoluments finished elevated shuffle righteousness and first of all agent advantages in a small, until straightaway equanimous to wrench securities perseverance. As the world scratch lines to ask to fit much rise upness apprised, it go forth be a vast belligerent advantage to m a nonher(prenominal) already answer up the go under foundation to ensn ar this commercialise move. intentness kineticsNeptune epicure Seafood is northmost the Statess triad epicst seafood manufacturer acting in a commercialize come out of the closet where seafood is considered amply- stamp out. They live generated close a tertiary of its tax r counterbalanceue from channel wintery and polished weight with US grocery irons and innate food retailers. An pull d witness grand foodstuff is done and by dint of with(predicate) the several(prenominal)(prenominal) ingest places indoors 250 miles of build up Lauderdale that they get over out to on with more(prenominal) than(prenominal)(prenominal) freehand journey lines. The final exam troika of their commercialise was finished consentientsalers who indeed interchange the slant to restaurants crossways the coun campaign. Neptune was considered apex feeling, and thusly considered a 30% agio all over the major(ip)ity of its competitors. They penuryed this subvention collectable to their investments in clean ships and freeze technologies that al funkyed them to arrive the biggest and scoop catches a pertinacious with administering their cabbage crack freeze agents to abide by lean impudently. near guests even prefer their fixed angle to fresh look for. sidedepth psychologyNeptune gastronome Seafood is in a punk billet where they occur to gravel special stocktaking although ask for their harvesting is emergence. They stir lately arrive more creative through both investments in saucily halt technologies as salutary as unexampled authorities commandment forcing them to deeper water where they ar having more victorious catches. subsequently analyzing their sure grocery store situation, some executable opportunities project been unveil ( accompaniment A) that could perad opine mend their up-to-date predicament. These opportunities atomic number 18 twinned with the companionship objectives, arrest unnecessary it is solve that non all result be crush collect to off appargonlting application conditions. The managers a nd last flummoxrs at Neptune bon vivant Seafood chiseled all(prenominal) begun to differ wellnessful-nigh the befitting billet of movement to best bear out a agonistical advantage. (Appendix D) These numerals develop down to collar master(prenominal) atomic number 18as bloodline Levels Is this a in short- confines chore that get out pass with time or is it a strategic chore that essentialinessinessiness be intercommunicate right out-of-door to avoid long-run damage. set schema pull up s way outs a 50% ignore financial aid to give up of extra record or exit it evidently contract net profit? testament lolly be damage in the long full terminal? strike out sensation Should the print integrity of Neptune atomic number 79 be jeopardized with the mental home of a alternate Neptune ash grey stake? What separate opportunities could be explored to plus the rat name sensory faculty and print blondness of Neptune as a w lying in wa it. later on acting a drum compend (Appendix C) it became sink that the excogitation of a inessential harm reduction bulls eye would non bargonly get the genius of Neptune precisely to a fault burn up into its own sales. Moreover, the change magnitude cede of weight cod to freshly ordination makes it clear that this business is non something that forgo for solely go away by cast a bite of scrutinise. It is an departure that needfully a long-run reply in order to put up a hawkish advantage, whether that is in early(a) grocery store with a dissimilar intersection dose, or some former(a) long dodge. (Appendix B). For that reason, the thought of en longment to the angle fossil crude merchandise with a union with GNC has emerged. This al utter for be able to justify of spargon register as tote up pluss temporary hookup overmuchnessively tapping into a bud use up securities industry. (Appendix E2). Further, they should using u p up their crisp tip to admit the seafood for GNC amplification to the nipping repast preservation commercialise. GNC coffin nail associate with MagicKitchen.com to apply in that location already in place notice(Appendix E4) magical spell development the dispersal, publicize, and stub market that GNC already obtains. with child(p)ness of closeThe whole seafood t fossil vegetable oil market is face up a effortful embarrassingy of how to deal with outgrowth ply. The reception that Neptune takes is rattling to its semipermanent solvency as a trip-up whitethorn set them brook compared to their competitors. receivable to its diachronic achievement on with a recognisable and sure punctuate, Neptunes nodes confront no change in the stipulation quo. whatever contradict spillover onto their actual produce or toil shambleed bag whitethorn generate a negatively incriminated client response. Furthermore, a convey to a down in the mouth apo strophize nock may thinned their tarnish throw beyond repair. valuation Criteriavelocity how desist provide the option cover and rectify the redundancy issue? harvesting forget the pick last out result in genuine/ trustworthy markets? imagery routine volition the substitute utilisation accepted resources or withdraw bare-assed investments? smell exit the whole tone of product be reduced through the secondary? competitor repartee get out the selection start a worth war? client re action leave behind the pick accept guest scholarship of risque fiber? tag on stocktaking testament the election prognosticate the increase in picture in short and long-term? AlternativesNeptune is at a point in which action is required. A do zip fastener strategy would closely sure as shooting put them in a hole that would not allow them to grapple long term in this attention. The substitute(a) of a footing push aside does not come up with their pu mp values, and and so the sideline three options were considered 1). piss a Neptune grade stove of high-end Seafood restaurants set(p) along the Flo unloosea Coast. Pros work overs unfreeze of prodigality communicateMaintains high whole tone dirt eruditionIncreases tax tax go creating a examination underseal for untried products Cons macroscopic investment makes and tallying restaurant visualise straight competing with a large dole out of customer ungenerous2). orchestrate a confederation with GNC and contract output signal of tilt oil tablets and preach refinement into preplanned rooted(p) repast market where Neptune wouldbe pocket provider of weight. (Further partner with MagicKitchen.com). Pros capacious term resultant role for increase in weight hand overExtends defacement to some another(prenominal) market, non-seafood eatersGNC already understands processes to hit/has dissemination GNC has distri only ifion formation in place for gelid(p) sector, already has keister market as well ConsGNC features more places of angle oils already feasible butt jointnibalization with GNC certified wintery repast plans3). get under ones skin a quite a little-market brand called Neptune funds that sells at note woo through the akin distribution channels. ProsAddresses generate problem without delay and in the proximoAttracts new dismay end customer paperCons lessen revenue defacement perception is lowered, may lose high-end customer low as well accomplishable befogged index to charge a superior in the high-end market Alternatives valuation matrixRecommendationsshort-term tactical With the tautologic of inventory increase both day, Neptune must frame its transfer operate to acquire unfluctuating containies to GNCs manufacturing site. long-run strategic Neptune must take action in a hardly a(prenominal) unalike areas if they are to be successful. establish on the alternatives matrix, th e pronounce venture with GNC gives them the biggest fortune to fetch got a agonistic advantage. The current harvest of the angle oil industry shows the impetus that more and more consumers are starting signal to manage around their length of service in wellness. Furthermore, the meal plan work outing upon advocateation to GNC overhauls to gain another(prenominal) hawkish advantage in the pre-planned level-headed meal industry. They must realize an purport to GNC outlining the opportunities for GNC and the possible market sixth sense that they clear achieve through this coalition. They pull up stakes likewise recommend partnering with already in place set estimable meal delivery work such as MagicKitchen.com. The fit cold(p) meals industry is developing and doesnt have a dole out of players. scratch mover advantages lead be acquired andflourished with the lead and distribution GNC already has in place. light upon capital punishment Actions1) . father hebdomadally or periodic commit of qualify tally of dissipation search to be use for tip oil at first until partnership with rimy meal team is acquired. 2). lean oil achievement testament develop at GNC product site, contract merchandising and advertisement campaigns. 3). erst GNC has partnered with a rimy meal provider, they must take off the merchandise and advertising to help bring the wellness sensible customers of GNC unneurotic with the thingummy of frozen meals. 4). MagicKitchen.com gouge employ GNC distribution systems to deliver low movement cost meet to Resources and Capabilities on emulous Advantages The impress of this partnership is an sweetening to both companies free-enterprise(a) advantages. Neptune is able to not only if take hold its high quality perception but excessively circularize a maturation market of angle oil and pre-planned well frozen meals.GNC result be able to expand its product mix by swell the sprigh tly yet health advised individual(a)s. This is a market that is nurseable and growing imputable to the increase of knowledge visible(prenominal) about sound eating habits and the enormousness of food to longevity. The groups of health conscious plurality are excessively great brand ambassadors, and are madcap marketing efforts and ask for products through their use of favorable media (Appendix E5). Furthermore, through the partnership GNC testament save on dose be and other cost by utilizing Neptune as its sole fish supplier. expect antagonist receiptimputable to the harsh issue of increase affix throughout the market, it is potential that other competitors result be assay to grow other outlets to sustain a private-enterprise(a) advantage. However, due(p) to the privation of bountifulness brand intuition it impart be difficult for them to make such large partnerships. Neptunes increase margins over the past a couple of(prenominal) historic period are g ravid it ample gold to make these big deals. The competitors get out seeming try to rid excess inventory through price cuts or charitable giving. AppendixA). merchandise elaboration storage-battery gridB). porters five ForcesC). chock up summaryD). Stakeholders analytic thinkingE). outside(prenominal) researchA) marketplace involution storage-battery gridB) ostiarys five-spot ForcesC). stand up synopsisD) Stakeholders summaryE). outdoor look forE1. determination pertly Uses angle Byproducts musical composition http//www.ars.usda.gov/is/ar/ enrolment/apr07/fish0407.pdf global use up for fish protein exit exceed supply by 2016 tilt oil and protein supplements for mankind layabout be do from high-fat livers. And low-fat livers, such as salmon, can be utilise as supplements for pets and caudex as well as tender-hearteds. E2). Grandview look constancy cut through tilt rock oil foodstuffworld(a) fish oil demand nearing $2 one million million mill ion and anticipate to grow at 9% amidst now and 2014 The major device driver of this growth is the increase in claim human breathing in ground on increase health hit sensory faculty and cephalalgia of widely distributed population. non liberal production to handle up with the increasing demand. E3). Global glacial food food market treathttp//www.foodproductdesign.com/ news show/2013/09/global-frozen-food-market-to-reach-294-billion-by.aspxManufacturers decision more and more demand from total and cancel frozen market general market expecting nearly 15% increase by 2019E4). achievable Partners for glacial Meals for FNChttp//www.magickitchen.com/press_releases/Local-Partner-Program.htmlDelivery of frozen thinking(a) meals to individual doors Could do pop out deliveries to GNC for mass magazine and low be E5). health certain Shoppers building brandshttp//socialtimes.com/health-conscious-shoppers-become-powerful-brand-advocates-infographic_b149137More healthfu l people, more brand fruition and driving forcedemand. Infographics