Valuation of Corporate Social Responsibility Report Article

Valuation of Corporate Social Responsibility Report - Article Example One of the first findings of the investigation in regards to how Lithuanian companies report social responsibility was that there is a great variation in the content, volume, and indicators disclose by different companies. This can be a problematic issue because investors are not able to compare the information from different companies in a consistent matter. One of the greatest attributes of the financial statements used in the United States by public firms is that they are all prepared in the same manner. Another issue with the practices of Lithuanian companies in regards to social responsibility reports is that very few companies share the information with their shareholders. The culture in this country does not value the importance of social and environmental factors. Most scientists analyze the content of CSR reports separate from reports that illustrate financial information. I believe that this practice might be flawed because the use of a sound corporate social responsibility strategy can greatly impact the behavior of the customers of the company. For instance, Starbucks Cafe is selected by many coffee drinkers over the competition due to its support of green practices such as its use of Fair Trade Coffee. The four main issues included in the CSR report are human rights and human resources, product design and development, environmental protection, and community. The lack of generally accepted principles makes CSR not easily measurable. The firm’s reputation is closely connected to its social responsibility practices. Companies that undermine CSR aspects such as the community can have devastating public relation problems. Back in the late 1990’s Nike Corporation’s reputation hit an all-time low after the revelation of the sweetshops scandal. Many companies use CSR disclosure as an instrument for advertising purposes. On many occasions, CSR information is fragmented in the annual reports, websites, and other company reports. There is a lack of investigations related to valuation methodologies of social information. The GRI framework is an effective methodology used by many Spanish companies to report social information. The GRI is a long-term multi-stakeholder, international process whose mission is to develop and disseminate globally applicable sustainability reporting guidelines. Non-financial reporting provides information regarding ethical, environmental and social aspects. The essential aim of social reporting is to create a social transparency system for responsible decision making. Other names used for CSR disclosure documents are social progress reports, social responsibility reports, social reports, and sustainability reports. CSR philosophies should be integrated into all company activities in order to increase the efficiency of the firm. Some elements that help companies achieve better CSR results are good stakeholder management and leadership, prioritizing CSR needs, coordination with governmental a gencies, and regulations. Empirical studies showed that in Italy firm stock prices are not affected by the release of CSR reports even if firms pay close attention to social responsibility practices because the Italian financial market is not efficient and transparent. In the United States, CSR reports have the greater impact in investor decisions and ultimately in the prices of common stocks.

Performance, Planning and Decision-Making Essay

Performance, Planning and Decision-Making - Essay Example Subcultures are those which give clear reflections about the common situations and problems of the employees in the organization. Company employees strictly follow some of the rules, these rules are shared throughout the length and breadth of the organization is called strong cultures. Cultures which are there with the company’s but are not followed that much is called week culture. Organization cultures are sets of norms which influences how the organization will be shaped. Different organizations are with different organizational cultures. Many times organizational cultures depend upon on the national cultures of that company. It is generally being noticed that organizations with great cultures are always having great success story around the world. It channelizes an organization which way it should go. It is very important for any organization to have a follow a particular culture for long time sustainability. It shows behaviour, values and psychological environment of an o rganization. It might be rules, attitudes, customs and beliefs of an organization. It can be taken as the identity of an organization. Organization cultures can be changed time to time whenever markets demands. These cultures are developed by the particulars company. Every organization is having its own cultures. A culture which is suitable for a company may not be suitable for another company. Organization culture is such a thing that can gives a crystal clear picture about the different attributes of an organization. Great Organization culture can be treated as backbone of any successful organization. All the reputed companies like Apple, CTS and Wal-Mart are having great organizational cultures. In this area of discussion the importance of the organizational cultures are going to be discussed. Great organizational cultures are generally transferred into good performance and provide great productivity for

Marketing Professional Practice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Marketing Professional Practice - Essay Example Thus, it is very evident that since these organizations cater to a wide range of sectors and industries, the manpower should be equally diverse, in terms of their educational and cultural background, experience and social exposure. One of the important criteria for selecting employees will be finding candidates who are service oriented. Their objective is to help the most unattended and unrecognized individuals and groups of the society (Burgos 2013, 23-26). The people working in these organizations should be able to handle and carry on the tasks properly. There is shortage of funds and many times the salaries of employees are delayed. In case of smaller organizations, the problems are more acute. The candidates applying for such an organization should be aware of this issue and should comply with it. Even the chief executives and other senior management teams perform many roles, compared to their peers in bigger and private organizations (Dolnicar; Lazarevski 2009, 280-290). Low pac kages and even lesser incentives are the common issues which results in low employee morale and high attrition in these organizations. ... The candidates must comply with the ethical norms and regulations and should be strict in terms of ethical practices. Not for profit organizations often face crisis of funds, crisis of employees and sometimes crisis of available projects. To overcome and minimize these issues, NPO’s need individuals who are able to show leadership qualities even in these crisis situations. Though the requirement for technical assistance and management is low compared to other private organizations, there has to be a minimum balance and smooth flow of the projects. For this, ideal candidates should be equipped with sufficient training and experience. This training and experience is required to handle the technology and the management functions of the organization. Ethical Issues in Non-Profit Organizations In an economy which is highly uncertain, non for profit organizations have started experiencing a rise in unethical practices. In the last few years, complaints regarding ethical violations b y top management and leaders have surfaced in the industry. This has grabbed a good amount of attention and concern from the public. Even though the number is less in comparison to profit and big industries, this number is rising constantly. Apart from this, a large number of ethical issues have started to arise which has resulted in financial issues and frauds in this industry (Watson 2007). If the misconduct in the non for profit organization go unaddressed, it can lead to an erosion of the public confidence. Loss of consumer confidence can largely dampen these organizations as customers are one of the major contributors of fund in this industry (Santora; Sarros, 2012). Ethical issues can occur in various places in an organization. The most vulnerable areas are as follows;

Political Particpation and how it works in different forms of Essay

Political Particpation and how it works in different forms of government - Essay Example It will be argued in the following that new technologies have the potential to bring the young voters in. The internet presents a number of opportunities to improve political participation, and recent political transformations in the Middle East and the impact of 'social media' on those revolutionary actions, should be sufficient proof that much of the potential is already being realized. Moreover, the 'world wide web' which was launched in [Lipson and Day 10] 1993 (internet is older) is now eighteen years old or the age in which youth begin to vote. Voters have now had the web at their disposal, for the entirety of their lives and this is actually a demographic water-shed of sorts. All voters from this time forward, will have had web-era computer technologies at their disposal, and these technologies hold a number of deposits of hope for attracting participation from precisely the age group with the worst turn-out. Before getting to the potential for increasing participation, some o f the positives of current practices will be outlined to demonstrate what can be built on. Political transparency is one of the areas that the world wide web has been very good thus far at improving.

Research proposal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Research proposal - Essay Example This is to facilitate communication and formulation of superior performance policies that focus on the participation of everyone. Employee engagement remains a hot issue with most professionals posting diverse opinion on its suitability in measuring performance in institutions. One school of thought reports that employee engagement indices criteria form a fundamental element that provides relevant incentives for measuring performance. It acts as a scorecard guideline that measures the satisfactory level of employees and consumers in service delivery. However, another school of thought faults its use since it fails to provide clear benchmarks that can be applied to facilitate credible measurement of performance. Ideally, employees hold the requisite capacity of influencing performance in institutions (Macey, Schneider & Barbera, 2009, p. 224). To ensure superior innovation and creativity in product development, proper employee engagement is essential. It ensures adequate sharing of id eas and formulation of policies with innovative ideals. It is crucial to note that, employee performance can be achieved when their morale is enhanced through adequate engagement in diverse aspects. This paper evaluates the imperativeness of employee engagement as a performance measure and advancement of cordial relations in business institutions. Objectives I. To ascertain the relevance of engagement indices in improving cordial relations between employees and employers II. To establish the factors that improve good relationship between employees and employers III. To evaluate the relevance of engagement indices as a performance measure in institutions IV. To establish the influence of employee engagement in enhancing productivity and efficiency in institutions V. To establish whether employee engagement contribute to employees’ wellbeing Definition Employee engagement indices provide institutions with relevant capacity to focus on diverse factors that hinders employee perfo rmance and coordination with employers. It is coordinated through a survey questionnaire that identifies workers efforts and enthusiasm in execution of activities. Evidently, inferior relations between employees and employers hold far reaching effects on performance in institutions (Macey, et al, 2009, p. 229). It may results to dismal performance or reduced output, low working morale and increased worker turnover that can severely influence productivity in corporations. According to Macey, et al, (2009, p. 225), superior engagement through adoption of excellent communication channels is vital in boosting understanding in institutions. Engagement fosters idea formulation and coherence at work that defines team spirit. This is vital since team spirit is an essential element that drives execution of activities based on strong shared norms and objectives. Consequently, engagement between employees and employers contributes in performance measurement together with other performance para meters. It is significant to state that poor worker engagement with employers influences individuals’ wellbeing at work and reduces output levels Methodologies The study adopts purposive research technique that gives clear guidelines of conducting a detail study with specific goals. The technique is relevant since it has the potential of steering the purposive nature of the study, which investigates the relevance of employee en

Compare two finacial statmetns Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Compare two finacial statmetns - Essay Example The BP financial statements reflect the FIFO methodology, which is first-in, first out when considering recognition of inventories. The first-in cost is represented by the cost of inventory at the start of the fiscal year and then a transfer to the cost of goods sold represent the oldest costs incurred, based on the volume of inventories sold, leaving the most recent costs of inventoried merchandise that was purchased or produced in-house. BP did not have to choose the FIFO method, they could have selected from a weighted average option, which â€Å"calculates the average cost of the items in the beginning inventory plus purchases made throughout the year† (McManus et al, 155). Under this option, the average is calculated in order to derive a cost of goods sold figure and the value associated with ending inventory at the end of the fiscal year. BP could have also chosen the LIFO method, which is last in, first out. The calculations show more recent merchandise costs as cost of goods sold after the items have been sold with the on hand inventory at the end of the year costed to the oldest costs associated with the inventories. Stakeholder-orienting reporting standards are issued by the SEC, the Securities and Exchange Commission. The purpose of filing these financial reports to the SEC are to â€Å"provide investors a full and fair disclosure of the securities being issued and the issuer’s business activities and financial position† (Marshal, McManus & Viele, 385). The basic premise of SEC guidelines ensures that the information being presented in the financial reports is congruent to the actual business activities of the organization and is an accurate representation of real-life financial status for the company. This organization acts as a monitoring agency to ensure that companies are not inflating earnings or

Sister Callista Roys Adaptation Model Assignment - 1

Sister Callista Roys Adaptation Model - Assignment Example With this exponential increase in the numbers of the aged, there also arises the dire need to age relevant physical activities that will assist them age well and in good health. This is where the Roy’s adaptation model can come in swiftly and handy too. Nursing theories are useful in framing, explaining or defining the provision of nursing care (Kelly, 2011, 24). The Roy’s adaptation model of nursing, a useful nursing theory, was developed in 1976 by Sister Callista Roy after she was challenged as a graduate student by Dorothy E. Johnson (a member of the faculty) to come up with a conceptual model for nursing practice. Basically regarded a system’s model, the Roy’s adaptation model regards the person as a set of intertwined biological, social and psychological functions in which the person in question endears to achieve a healthy balance between these systems and the environment (Kelly, 2011, 67). The model however reckons that there will never be an absolute level of balance but rather the person is to try and live in a way that allows him/ her to adequately cope/ adapt (Kelly, 2011, 72). The Roy’s adaptation model which involves a six-step nursing procedure basically entails four domain concepts of person, health, environment and nursing. In the model, person may be used to refer to people as individuals or in groups such as families, organizations, communities and the larger society. The person, functioning as a unity for some purpose, is an adaptive system described as a whole entailing entities and a bio-psycho-social being in incessant interaction with the varying environment. The person, as enshrined in the model, uses innate and acquired methods to adapt to the environment. The person is the adaptive system (Willis, Grace & Roy, 2008, 31). Adaptation is described under the Roy’s model as a positive response to environmental changes. Adaptation is the goal of nursing in the model and